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Human Mosaic Chap.3 Population Geography

Population geography/geodemography
Geodemography;The study of the spatial and ecological aspects of population.
5 themes of cultural geography
Culture region, diffusion, ecology, interaction, and landscape
Principle characteristics of human populations
Their densities, spatial distributions, age and gender structures, the ways they increase and decrease, and how rapidly population numbers change enormously from place to place.
Population density
A measurement of population per unit (per square mile)
Formal demographic region
A demographic region based on the single trait of population density.
Carrying capacity
The maximum number of people who can be supported in a given area.
Populations change primarily in 2 ways:
People are born and others die in a particular place, and people move into and out of that place(migration). Refer to as natural increase/decreases.
Crude birthrate
The annual number of births per thousand population.

Birthrates ranging from 10 to 20 births per thousand are considered low, while rates from 40 to 50 births per thousand are considered high.

Total fertility rate (TFR)
The number of children the average woman will bear during her productive lifetime.
Zero population growth
A condition of population stability, zero population growth is achieved when an average of only 2.1 children per couple survive to adulthood, so that eventually
Crude death rate
The annual deaths per thousand persons in the population.
Population explosion
The rapid, accelerating increase in the world population since about 1650 and especially since 1900.
Malthusian
One who holds the views of Malthus, who believed that overpopulation is the root cause of poverty, illness, and warfare.
Demographic transition
The movement from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.
Population pyramid
A graph used to show the age and sex composition of a population.
Sex ratio
The numerical ratio of males to females in a population.
Infant mortality rate
The number of infants per thousand live births who die before reaching one year of age.
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