Germany’s economy was at an rapid downpour. “In 1913 the government was spending approximately 20. 5 marks per resident”. Many families could not even afford a loaf of bread, which cost 250 marks in January 1923, cost over 200 thousand marks in November of 1923. Germany did not pay its reparations, in January 1923 French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr which was where most German goods were made. Many could argue that during this period of time goods could’ve been made elsewhere, but during the depression numerous numbers of manufacturers closed.
This ensured that France and Belgium would get back what Germany owed them for reparations. Many historians also argue that the French shouldn’t of invaded the Ruhr due to the fact that Germany was already in as much trouble as it was. The Weimar Republic through increasing the amount of money available would help the situation, but instead it resulted in hyperinflation. In 1922 Youth Welfare Law was made that said every child in Germany had the right to education, physical, and spiritual life.
The government, in result, created institutions and social workers to accommodate children who were homeless, abandoned or at risk etc.. to attend school. Though many persons benefited from this, some didn’t, The Weimar Government tried to help many who were homeless find some place to live. In result Article 155 was made, It created many visionary programs to help house and help those who needed it. The Weimar Government also used tax breaks, land grants, and low-interest loans to create an abundance of houses and apartment buildings.
Furthermore, in September of 1919 Hitler made his first comment about the Jews,” thus comes the fact that their lives amongst us a non German, alien race which neither wishes nor is able to sacrifice its racial character or to deny its feeling, thinking, and striving. Nevertheless, it possesses all the political rights we do… Their dance around the golden calf is becoming a merciless struggle for all those possessions we prize most highly on earth. ” What Hitler basically said was that a Jew shall not be treated or thought of as a human being because they are taking what belongs to him and all other Germans.
Many would argue this was not fair because all humans are human, no matter what race they are from or the mistakes they may make. The Munich Putsch was inspired by Benito Mussolini’s ‘March On Rome’. The March on Rome is what helped Mussolini come to power in Italy, and Hitler was determined to do the same in order to gain power in Germany. Vd WAS TO SLO On November 8, 1923, Hitler and the SA stormed into a public meeting of 3,000 people at a large beer hall in Munich. Hitler announced that the national revolution had begun and declared the formation of a new government.
The putsch happened on November 8, of 1923. Hitler and his men created a plot to seize power of the Bavarian state government, and then in which they would take over the Weimar Government. The putsch was inspired by Benito Mussolini’s march on Rome which had been successful in overthrowing the Italian Government in October of 1922. Hit to the Beer Hall where Von Kahr was supposed to be having a meeting with other associates. Ludendorff the talked to Kahr and two of his colleges into marching into Berlin with Hitler and his followers.
Some argue about why all three of the men were let go that night but the simple answer is because there was no need for them until the march was going to take place, yet why didn’t they tell anyone Hitler made the mistake of leaving that night, his followers should’ve took over government buildings throughout Munich but their attempts were crushed by the city’s military troops. The following day Ludendorff led about 2,500 of Hitler’s followers on a march in the city square, and too much of their surprises the police were waiting for them. Ample shots were fired and many were wounded.
Historians argue that the reason Hitler left in such a hurry was because he was helping an injured boy. Nevertheless, Hitler was the one who was injured, he had been shot in the shoulder and was looking for an easy way out so that he would not have face his punishment. The three main causes of the Munich putsch were the growth of the Nazi party (55,000 members), weakness of the Weimar republic, and the example of Mussolini. The Weimar Republic was dealing with inflation after the invasion of the Ruhr by French and Belgian troops, they were also dealing with Right-Wing Terrorism and Left-Wing Rebellions.
The Constitution that was made also affected the Weimar Republic during the Munich Putsch. Article 48 gave the President full power of the government in a state of emergency, judges wanted to destroy the government, the government didn’t have full power over the Army, and proportional voting made it to where there were twenty-eight different parties in the Reichstag Benito Mussolini’s march on Rome was what helped him gain his position in Italy at the time, and in result Hitler, who basically saw Mussolini as a role model, followed suit thinking this would help him gain a step towards dominating Germany.
Due to hyperinflation during November of 1923 November 1923, one dollar equaled one trillion marks, currency had lost meaning to many. Pearl Buck, an American writer, was in Germany in 1923. She wrote “The cities were still there, the houses not yet bombed and in ruins, but the victims were millions of people. They had lost their fortunes, their savings; they were dazed and inflation-shocked and did not understand how it had happened to them and who the foe was who had defeated them.
Yet they had lost their self-assurance, their feeling that they themselves could be the masters of their own lives if only they worked hard enough; and lost, too, were the old values of morals, or ethics, of decency. ” This explains that many were devastated throughout the entire period of hyperinflation in Germany. After the Munich Putsch had backfired on Hitler and his followers, he was sentenced to High treason on February 26,1924. His punishment was that he was to serve five years in the Landsberg prison, but during this period he created and later published, ‘Mein Kampf (My struggle).
He served less than a year of his sentence, gaining a pardon and early release on December 20, 1924 In response to his imprisonment ne, he, and the Nazi party, became very well known around Germany about the defense speeches presented during trial. Hitler also realized that he would never come to power through a revolution, but through constitutional means. In return, he made the Hitler Youth, propaganda campaigns, created the SS, and mergers with other right-wing parties. The Hitler youth was established in 1922 and would extend to October 10, 1945.
The Hitler Youth encouraged young children to follow Nazi ways and how to act as a member of the Hitler youth. Daily classes for girls in the Hitler Youth that were taken included eugenics, history, recess, ideology, domestic science or math, and singing. For boys in the Hitler youth classes like chemistry, history, geography, mathematics, as well as eugenics. The difference between boys and girls classes was that boys were taught about anything military related so that they could be the ‘perfect’ soldier and girls were taught how to be the ‘perfect; housewife.
This ensured that the next and following generations of kids living in Germany grew up only knowing what the Nazis taught them in schools. Nazi propaganda officer, Joseph Goebbels had a big play in what some would call a Nazi epidemic. Due to his position in the Nazi Government he was able to control every aspect of a Germans culture life. Movies, music, clothes, radio stations, art and books are just some of the examples of what was either eliminated or re-designed so that it supported Nazi standards.
This was unfair to many of the Germans and Jews, especially to those who had thrived on the arts to make a living. Goebbels also contributed to the “positive” view of Hitler for many. The “Mein Kampf” is published in July 18, 1925. It was soon considered proper to own a copy and to give one to newlyweds, high school graduates, or to celebrate any similar occasion. Some even read the complicated structured book cover to cover.. After Hitler’s rise to power, the book gained enormous popularity and virtually became the Bible of every Nazi.
The SS was established in February of 1925, with the intention of becoming Hitler’s personal bodyguards. In the 1930’s the SS was split into two subdivisions, the SS-TV which was a military unit, and the “Death’s Head Unit” which operated the concentration camps This played an extensive role in Germany and many around the world were affected from the role that the SS played.. About 5 million total Jews were killed during the Holocaust and that was just the amount of Jews killed, the Gestapo sent many Germans to concentration camps due to being disloyal to Hitler or going against the beliefs of the Nazis.
Hitler, the duration of his trials were overseen by a judge who did not agree with all of the Weimar rules and Hitler also had many friends in high places, meaning he. During his trails an abundance of articles were written about the speeches that Hitler would bring up his defense towards the Munich Putsch and the reasoning behind on why he conducted it. This brought attention to the Nazis around German and more and more people became aware of who the Nazis were and what their ideologies were. The Munich Putsch was both positive in some ways for Germany but also disastrous.
Before the Putsch the Weimar Republic was dealing with hyperinflation, fragments of different political parties, right-wing and left-wing in the Reichstag, and their constitution. There was many different problems socially, politically, and economically. At the time National Socialist German Workers’ Party (The Nazis) was just a minor fringe party among all the other competing for the seats in the Reichstag. As of May 4th, 1924 the Nazi party only had 6% of the vote which was equivalent to only 32 seats.
By the time the Munich Putsch happened the Weimar republic was still having troubles with all the problems that were presented above. Hyperinflation was the only problem that was close to reaching a new solution due to the ‘Dawes Plan’ being created by an American who went by the name, Charles Dawes in 1924. Following the Munich Putsch Hitler was sentenced to Jail time for five years but was let out only a year after being imprisoned. As a result Hitler now knew that he could only rise to power by constitutional means, this was the thought that started everything and everything disasters in Germany.
After being imprisoned for an year, Hitler spent the whole time in solitude and was now even more smarter than he was before the Munich Putsch. The Munich Putsch changed Hitler’s way of strategics and the way the world would see what a single human being could do forever. One positive outlook that came about from the Munich Putsch was security, today many steps and precautions are taken to make sure a country is safe in not in harm’s way. Hitler and the results of the Munich Putsch changed the way of thinking for many, including the Germans.
